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  • A reserve of capital that a company holds in reserve for future opportunities or challenges.

  • A derivative that give the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a security—most commonly an equity—at a certain price before expiration. The price at which the underlying security can be bought or sold is referred to as the exercise price or strike price.

  • A method of allocating profits or losses among investors in a private investment, often used in private equity and venture capital.

  • A prohibited practice in which an investor sells a security at a loss and repurchases it within a short period, typically within 30 days, in order to realize a tax benefit while maintaining their position in the security.

  • Is a method of intergenerational welath transfer; it refers to a popular estate planning strategy in which a whole-life insurance policy is transfered一or “rolled over”一from the policyholder to their child or grandchild.

  • A payment structure that requires that higher-tiered creditors receive interest and principal payments, while the lower-tiered creditors receive principal payments after the higer-tiered creditors are paid back in full.

  • An investment advisory service that combines other financial services to address the needs of affluent clients. Using a consultative process, the advisor gleans information about the client’s wants and specific situation, then tailors a personalized strategy that uses a range of financial products and services.

  • The average cost of financing a company's operations, calculated by weighting the costs of different sources of capital (such as debt and equity) based on their proportions in the company's capital structure.

  • Anyone who has and reports insider knowledge of illegal, illicit, and fraudulent activities occurring in an organization. Whistleblowers can be employees, suppliers, contractors, clients, or any individual who becomes aware of dubious business activities.

  • A hostile takeover defense whereby a 'friendly' individual or company acquires a corporation at fair consideration when it is on the verge of being taken over by an 'unfriendly' bidder or acquirer. The unfriendly bidder is generally known as the "black knight."

  • The process of liquidating a company that has ceased operations.

  • A business strategy designed to ensure that a company operates efficiently by monitoring and using its current assets and liabilities to their most effective use.

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